Trying to add answers in a list in Flutter

JohnBonesJohnBones
January 26, 2024
131 views
0 votes
2 Answers

My code is basic as my question:

Why I am not able to add the answers after click on Radio Button and also print the answer on the console with this code?

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return const MaterialApp(
      home: MyQuestion(),
    );
  }
}

class MyQuestion extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyQuestion({super.key});

  @override
  State<MyQuestion> createState() => _MyQuestionState();
}

class _MyQuestionState extends State<MyQuestion> {
  final List<String> selectedAnswers = [];

  void chooseAnswer(String answer) {
    setState(() {
      selectedAnswers.add(answer);
    });
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return const Scaffold(
      body: Padding(
        padding: EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
        child: FirstScreen(),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class FirstScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  const FirstScreen({super.key});

  @override
  State<FirstScreen> createState() => _FirstScreenState();
}

class _FirstScreenState extends State<FirstScreen> {
  int selectedOption = 0;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text(
          'Seja Bem-Vindo (a) ao Questionário TAS-20',
          style: TextStyle(
            color: Colors.amber,
            fontSize: 16,
          ),
        ),
        leading: IconButton(
          icon: const Icon(Icons.arrow_back),
          onPressed: () {
            Navigator.push(
              context,
              MaterialPageRoute(
                builder: (context) => const MyQuestion(),
              ),
            );
          },
        ),
      ),
      body: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(6.0),
        child: ListView(
          children: [
            Row(
              mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
              children: [
                Radio(
                  value: 1,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    setState(() {
                      selectedOption = value as int;
                      _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value as String);
                    });
                  },
                ),
                Radio(
                  value: 2,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    setState(() {
                      selectedOption = value as int;
                      _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value as String);
                    });
                  },
                ),
                Radio(
                  value: 3,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    setState(() {
                      selectedOption = value as int;
                      _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value as String);
                    });
                  },
                ),
                Radio(
                  value: 4,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    setState(() {
                      selectedOption = value as int;
                      _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value as String);
                    });
                  },
                ),
              ],
            ),
            const Row(
              mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
              children: [
                Text('Answer 1'),
                Text('Answer 2'),
                Text('Answer 3'),
                Text('Answer 4')
              ],
            ),
            ElevatedButton(
              onPressed: () {},
              child: const Text('Next'),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

I think my main problem is how to use this chunk of code into FirstScreen statefull Widget:

 final List<String> selectedAnswers = [];

  void chooseAnswer(String answer) {
    setState(() {
      selectedAnswers.add(answer);
    });
  }

I tried to include _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value as String); at onChanged argument but its not working.

Also at the same time I answer I am not able to include as a print on the console the answer that the user chosed.

Tags: dart flutter

Answers

There are several things that need to be fixed:

You can’t convert an int to a String by using the type cast as String. You should use the toString method instead, so change value as String to value.toString().

When you call _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer, you’re actually creating a new instance of _MyQuestionState(), and not controlling the existing state. If you want to be able to call the chooseAnswer from FirstScreen, you should pass the callback in _MyQuestionState like this:

Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  return Scaffold( // (1) remove the 'const'
    body: Padding(
      padding: EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
      child: FirstScreen(chooseAnswer: chooseAnswer), // (2) pass the 'chooseAnswer' method
    ),
  );
}

In FirstScreen, add the chooseAnswer parameter:

class FirstScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  const FirstScreen({super.key, required this.chooseAnswer}); // (1) add it in the constructor

  final void Function(String) chooseAnswer; // (2) add the property

  @override
  State<FirstScreen> createState() => _FirstScreenState();
}

After that, change the call of _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer to widget.chooseAnswer. Additionally, you don’t need to put this call inside setState, so your onChanged callback should look like this:

onChanged: (value) {
  setState(() {
    selectedOption = value!; // (1) to convert 'int?' to 'int', just put '!' after the value
  });
  widget.chooseAnswer(value.toString()); // (2) call 'chooseAnswer' like this and move it outside the setState
}

FULL CODE

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return const MaterialApp(
      home: MyQuestion(),
    );
  }
}

class MyQuestion extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyQuestion({super.key});

  @override
  State<MyQuestion> createState() => _MyQuestionState();
}

class _MyQuestionState extends State<MyQuestion> {
  final List<String> selectedAnswers = [];

  void chooseAnswer(String answer) {
    setState(() {
      selectedAnswers.add(answer);
    });
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      body: Padding(
        padding: EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
        child: FirstScreen(chooseAnswer: chooseAnswer),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class FirstScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  const FirstScreen({super.key, required this.chooseAnswer});

  final void Function(String) chooseAnswer;

  @override
  State<FirstScreen> createState() => _FirstScreenState();
}

class _FirstScreenState extends State<FirstScreen> {
  int selectedOption = 0;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text(
          'Seja Bem-Vindo (a) ao Questionário TAS-20',
          style: TextStyle(
            color: Colors.amber,
            fontSize: 16,
          ),
        ),
        leading: IconButton(
          icon: const Icon(Icons.arrow_back),
          onPressed: () {
            Navigator.push(
              context,
              MaterialPageRoute(
                builder: (context) => const MyQuestion(),
              ),
            );
          },
        ),
      ),
      body: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(6.0),
        child: ListView(
          children: [
            Row(
              mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
              children: [
                Radio(
                  value: 1,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    setState(() {
                      selectedOption = value!;
                    });
                    widget.chooseAnswer(value.toString());
                  },
                ),
                Radio(
                  value: 2,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    setState(() {
                      selectedOption = value!;
                    });
                    widget.chooseAnswer(value.toString());
                  },
                ),
                Radio(
                  value: 3,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    setState(() {
                      selectedOption = value!;
                    });
                    widget.chooseAnswer(value.toString());
                  },
                ),
                Radio(
                  value: 4,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    setState(() {
                      selectedOption = value!;
                    });
                    widget.chooseAnswer(value.toString());
                  },
                ),
              ],
            ),
            const Row(
              mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
              children: [
                Text('Answer 1'),
                Text('Answer 2'),
                Text('Answer 3'),
                Text('Answer 4')
              ],
            ),
            ElevatedButton(
              onPressed: () {},
              child: const Text('Next'),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

First off, if you run your code, you’ll see an erorr:

Expected a value of type 'String', but got one of type 'int'

This is because in your code, you are doing:

selectedOption = value as int; // int over here
_MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value as String); // using the `int` but it's really a String

value is an int, not a String, as I have commented

To fix the issue just call .toString:

selectedOption = value as int;
_MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value.toString());

that fixes problem 1

But then, if you run your code again, you’ll encounter another problem once selecting a checkbox:

setState() called in constructor: _MyQuestionState#4077c(lifecycle state: created, no widget, not mounted)

This is because the Widget is not yet mounted/created. So, to solve the issue, you can use a short deelay:

  Future.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 1), () { // --> Use a delay
      setState(() {
        selectedOption = value as int;
        _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value.toString());
      });
    });

Also, you should remove the setState from choooseAnswer

  void chooseAnswer(String answer) {
    setState(() { // <-- remove this
      selectedAnswers.add(answer);
    });
  }

and call it in the onChanged.

Your complete working code should look like:

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return const MaterialApp(
      home: MyQuestion(),
    );
  }
}

class MyQuestion extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyQuestion({super.key});

  @override
  State<MyQuestion> createState() => _MyQuestionState();
}

class _MyQuestionState extends State<MyQuestion> {
  final List<String> selectedAnswers = [];

  void chooseAnswer(String answer) {
    selectedAnswers.add(answer);
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return const Scaffold(
      body: Padding(
        padding: EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
        child: FirstScreen(),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class FirstScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  const FirstScreen({super.key});

  @override
  State<FirstScreen> createState() => _FirstScreenState();
}

class _FirstScreenState extends State<FirstScreen> {
  int selectedOption = 0;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text(
          'Seja Bem-Vindo (a) ao Questionário TAS-20',
          style: TextStyle(
            color: Colors.amber,
            fontSize: 16,
          ),
        ),
        leading: IconButton(
          icon: const Icon(Icons.arrow_back),
          onPressed: () {
            Navigator.push(
              context,
              MaterialPageRoute(
                builder: (context) => const MyQuestion(),
              ),
            );
          },
        ),
      ),
      body: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(6.0),
        child: ListView(
          children: [
            Row(
              mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
              children: [
                Radio(
                  value: 1,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    Future.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 1), () {
                      setState(() {
                        selectedOption = value as int;
                        _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value.toString());
                      });
                    });
                  },
                ),
                Radio(
                  value: 2,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    Future.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 1), () {
                      setState(() {
                        selectedOption = value as int;
                        _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value.toString());
                      });
                    });
                  },
                ),
                Radio(
                  value: 3,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    Future.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 1), () {
                      setState(() {
                        selectedOption = value as int;
                        _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value.toString());
                      });
                    });
                  },
                ),
                Radio(
                  value: 4,
                  groupValue: selectedOption,
                  onChanged: (value) {
                    Future.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 1), () {
                      setState(() {
                        selectedOption = value as int;
                        _MyQuestionState().chooseAnswer(value.toString());
                      });
                    });
                  },
                ),
              ],
            ),
            const Row(
              mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
              children: [
                Text('Answer 1'),
                Text('Answer 2'),
                Text('Answer 3'),
                Text('Answer 4')
              ],
            ),
            ElevatedButton(
              onPressed: () {},
              child: const Text('Next'),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

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