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android:exported added but still getting error Apps targeting Android 12 and higher are required to specify an explicit value for android:exported

I have added android:exported="true" to my only activity in manifest but still getting below error after updating compile sdk and target sdk version to 31.I also tried rebuilding the project , invalidating cache and restart but that didn’t helped

Error- Apps targeting Android 12 and higher are required to specify an explicit value for android:exported when the corresponding component has an intent filter defined. See https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/activity-element#exported for details.

AndroidManifest File

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.xyz.abc">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

    <application
        android:name=".framework.presentation.BaseApplication"
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name="com.xyz.presentation.MainActivity"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

Merged manifest error

Other Manifest Files (Included in merge, but did not contribute any
elements) firebase-installations:17.0.0 manifest,
versionedparcelable:1.1.1 manifest, runtime:1.0.1 manifest,
test:core:1.2.0 manifest, loader:1.0.0 manifest, facebook-share:11.1.0
manifest, leakcanary:leaksentry:2.0-alpha-3 manifest,
material-dialogs:input:3.2.1 manifest, material-icons-extended:1.0.0
manifest, play-services-stats:17.0.0 manifest, interpolator:1.0.0
manifest, activity-compose:1.3.1 manifest, material-ripple:1.0.0
manifest, foundation:1.0.0 manifest, asynclayoutinflater:1.0.0
manifest, savedstate-ktx:1.1.0 manifest,
navigation-dynamic-features-fragment:2.3.5 manifest,
firebase-ui-auth:7.2.0 manifest, animation:1.0.1 manifest,
animation-core:1.0.1 manifest, installreferrer:1.0 manifest,
firebase-crashlytics:18.0.0 manifest, ui:1.0.1 manifest,
lifecycle-viewmodel-savedstate:2.3.1 manifest,
play-services-auth-base:17.0.0 manifest, hilt-android:2.35.1 manifest,
material-dialogs:core:3.2.1 manifest, AndroidManifest.xml navigation
file, savedstate:1.1.0 manifest, cursoradapter:1.0.0 manifest,
sqlite-framework:2.0.1 manifest, room-ktx:2.1.0 manifest,
leakcanary-android-core:2.0-alpha-3 manifest, AndroidManifest.xml
navigation file, media:1.0.0 manifest, coordinatorlayout:1.1.0
manifest, legacy-support-core-utils:1.0.0 manifest,
lifecycle-runtime:2.3.1 manifest, coil-kt:coil:1.3.1 manifest,
ui-tooling-preview:1.0.0 manifest, facebook-core:11.1.0 manifest,
core:1.6.0 manifest, material:1.0.0 manifest, firebase-common:20.0.0
manifest, documentfile:1.0.0 manifest,
lifecycle-viewmodel-compose:2.4.0-beta01 manifest,
play-services-base:17.1.0 manifest, ui-tooling-data:1.0.0 manifest,
coil-base:1.3.1 manifest, firebase-analytics-ktx:19.0.0 manifest,
localbroadcastmanager:1.0.0 manifest, swiperefreshlayout:1.1.0-alpha03
manifest, constraintlayout-compose:1.0.0-beta02 manifest,
core-ktx:1.6.0 manifest, firebase-database-collection:18.0.0 manifest,
coil-compose-base:1.3.1 manifest, activity:1.3.1 manifest,
AndroidManifest.xml navigation file, facebook-messenger:11.1.0
manifest, print:1.0.0 manifest, customview:1.1.0 manifest,
material-icons-core:1.0.0 manifest,
play-services-measurement-sdk:19.0.0 manifest, fragment:1.3.4
manifest, firebase-appcheck-interop:16.0.0-beta01 manifest,
facebook-login:11.1.0 manifest, cardview:1.0.0 manifest,
runtime-rxjava2:1.0.0 manifest, viewpager2:1.0.0 manifest,
play-services-ads-identifier:17.0.0 manifest,
play-services-measurement-impl:19.0.0 manifest,
lifecycle-livedata-core:2.3.1 manifest, play-services-safetynet:17.0.0
manifest, AndroidManifest.xml navigation file,
lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.3.1 manifest, transport-backend-cct:3.0.0
manifest, fragment-ktx:1.2.4 manifest, appcompat:1.3.0 manifest,
transport-runtime:3.0.0 manifest, lifecycle-livedata-core-ktx:2.2.0
manifest, firebase-firestore-ktx:23.0.0 manifest,
legacy-support-v4:1.0.0 manifest, play-services-basement:17.1.1
manifest, firebase-storage:20.0.0 manifest,
play-services-auth-api-phone:17.4.0 manifest,
leakcanary-android:2.0-alpha-3 manifest, firebase-auth-interop:20.0.0
manifest, lifecycle-viewmodel:2.3.1 manifest, browser:1.0.0 manifest,
firebase-auth:21.0.1 manifest, material:1.2.1 manifest,
slidingpanelayout:1.0.0 manifest, vectordrawable:1.1.0 manifest,
recyclerview:1.1.0 manifest, play-services-auth:19.0.0 manifest,
room-runtime:2.1.0 manifest, dagger-lint-aar:2.35.1 manifest,
navigation-dynamic-features-runtime:2.3.5 manifest,
play-services-measurement-api:19.0.0 manifest,
firebase-encoders-json:18.0.0 manifest, sqlite:2.0.1 manifest,
facebook-android-sdk:11.1.0 manifest, firebase-components:17.0.0
manifest, transport-api:3.0.0 manifest,
protolite-well-known-types:18.0.0 manifest, markdown-processor:0.1.3
manifest, play-services-measurement-base:19.0.0 manifest,
firebase-common-ktx:20.0.0 manifest, activity-ktx:1.3.1 manifest,
firebase-crashlytics-ktx:18.0.0 manifest, coil-compose:1.3.1 manifest,
multidex:2.0.1 manifest, core-runtime:2.1.0 manifest,
fragment-testing:1.2.0 manifest, ui-graphics:1.0.1 manifest,
AndroidManifest.xml navigation file, ui-tooling:1.0.0 manifest,
grpc-android:1.28.0 manifest, ui-unit:1.0.1 manifest,
play-services-measurement:19.0.0 manifest, play:core:1.9.1 manifest,
annotation-experimental:1.1.0 manifest,
play-services-measurement-sdk-api:19.0.0 manifest,
play-services-tasks:17.0.0 manifest, firebase-analytics:19.0.0
manifest, facebook-common:11.1.0 manifest, drawerlayout:1.1.1
manifest, AndroidManifest.xml navigation file,
navigation-compose:2.4.0-alpha09 manifest,
facebook-gamingservices:11.1.0 manifest, firebase-firestore:23.0.0
manifest, lifecycle-livedata:2.2.0 manifest,
legacy-support-core-ui:1.0.0 manifest, test:monitor:1.2.0 manifest,
AndroidManifest.xml navigation file, facebook-applinks:11.1.0
manifest, viewpager:1.0.0 manifest, ui-geometry:1.0.1 manifest,
lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.3.1 manifest, constraintlayout:2.0.4 manifest,
ui-text:1.0.1 manifest, AndroidManifest.xml navigation file,
firebase-installations-interop:17.0.0 manifest, transition:1.3.0
manifest, foundation-layout:1.0.1 manifest, appcompat-resources:1.3.1
manifest, runtime-livedata:1.0.0 manifest, runtime-saveable:1.0.1
manifest, firebase-measurement-connector:19.0.0 manifest,
vectordrawable-animated:1.1.0 manifest, main nav_graph.xml navigation
file Merging Errors: Error: android:exported needs to be explicitly
specified for . Apps targeting Android 12 and higher are
required to specify an explicit value for android:exported when the
corresponding component has an intent filter defined. See
https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/activity-element#exported
for details. Dairy.app main manifest (this file) Error:
android:exported needs to be explicitly specified for . Apps
targeting Android 12 and higher are required to specify an explicit
value for android:exported when the corresponding component has an
intent filter defined. See
https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/activity-element#exported
for details. Dairy.app main manifest (this file) Error:
android:exported needs to be explicitly specified for . Apps
targeting Android 12 and higher are required to specify an explicit
value for android:exported when the corresponding component has an
intent filter defined. See
https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/activity-element#exported
for details. Dairy.app main manifest (this file)

Tags:

18

Answers


  1. Chosen as BEST ANSWER
    0

    To solve this error in target sdk 31-

    1.First of all set target sdk to 30

    2.Then go to the merged manifest

    3.Find if there’s any activity, service, receiver or provider that does not have android:exported set.Override all those entries and set their android:exported to true or false.

    4.set target sdk back to 31 and run project


  2. 0

    I had this problem, I add android:exported="true" and also tools:node="merge" to AndroidManifest.xml but however this error was appeared .
    I found this is not about my project’s Activates rather is about some dependencies, like this:

    implementation 'com.najva.sdk:najva-android-sdk:1.3.3'

    so check your project dependencies, you will find it surely.

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  3. 0

    The following in app/build.gradle may be the cause.

    dependencies {
    debugImplementation androidx.fragment:fragment-testing:<1.4.0-alpha02 or lower>’
}
    Solution 1

    Update fragment-testing to 1.4.0-alpha03 or higher.

    Solution 2

    Add the following to AndroidManifest.xml.

    <manifest>
    <application>
        <activity
            android:name="androidx.test.core.app.InstrumentationActivityInvoker$BootstrapActivity"
            android:exported="false" />
        <activity
            android:name="androidx.test.core.app.InstrumentationActivityInvoker$EmptyActivity"
            android:exported="false" />
        <activity
            android:name="androidx.test.core.app.InstrumentationActivityInvoker$EmptyFloatingActivity"
            android:exported="false" />
    </application>
</manifest>
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  4. 0

    androidx.test:core library version 1.3.0. Upgrading to version 1.4.0 fixed the issue.

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  5. 0

    This issue originates from dependencies of project. Right click on intent-filter and select find usages option. Now, in all usage places check that if exported assigned value or nor. If not, assign a value (Even in cache folders for libraries). This will fix issue until cache refresh but you have identifies the libraries creating this problem.

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  6. 0

    if you use ogury Ads put this in youre AndroidManifest file

     <activity
        android:name="io.presage.mraid.browser.ShortcutActivity"
        android:theme="@style/Presage.AdScreen"
        android:exported="true">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>
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  7. 0

    if you are using flutter , upgrading flutter_local_notifications to the latest version (now is 9.3.2) solved this error for me..

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  8. 0

    See also android:exported needs to be explicitly specified for <activity>. Apps targeting Android 12 and higher are required to specify.

    Thanks to @faizy, @Android Developer I made this.

    Upgrade these libraries to new versions:

    androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.3"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.fragment:fragment-testing:1.4.1"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test:core:1.4.0"

    I replaced debugImplementation with androidTestImplementation in these dependencies.

    Press Sync Project with Gradle Files. Run the project (or rebuild, or run Lint). Probably it won’t help. Then you should make this.

    1. Downgrade targetSdkVersion to 30.

    Run the project again. Probably it will compile.

    In my case all needed android:exported="true" and android:exported="false" presented in activity, service, receiver and provider of merged AndroidManifest where <intent-filter> occured.

    To find merged AndroidManifest, switch to Project and expand app module, then build > intermediates > merged_manifest > debug.

    enter image description here

    If some android:exported was missing, find a corresponding AndroidManifest and add it there.

    1. Upgrade targetSdkVersion to 31.

    Run the project again. If it won’t compile, probably you should rebuild the project. As usually, Build > Rebuild Project, File > Invalidate Caches > Invalidate and Restart.

    After some time (several gradle syncs, restarts of Android Studio) it compiled.

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  9. 0

    These steps solve the problem:

    1. targetSdkVersion if 31 change to 30

    2. add line in AndroidManifest inside <activity android:exported="true" />

    3. update gradle and gradle tools latest version.

    4. remove fabric imports and tools.

    5. clean and run

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  10. 0

    I found the answer,

    you should add android:exported="true" to all activities, services and receivers in the AndroidManifest.xml file as following.

    <activity
        android:name="com.ryanheise.audioservice.AudioServiceActivity"
        android:exported="true"
        android:launchMode="singleTop"
        android:theme="@style/LaunchTheme"
        android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize|smallestScreenSize|locale|layoutDirection|fontScale|screenLayout|density|uiMode"
        android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
        android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"

        android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">


<service android:name="com.ryanheise.audioservice.AudioService"
        android:exported="true"
    >

    and for receiver

    <receiver android:name="com.ryanheise.audioservice.MediaButtonReceiver"

        android:exported="true"
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  11. 0

    1. android { compileSdk 31

    2. It is important to use latest version of Gradle and Gradle Plugin.

    3. Update your all dependencies to latest version also.

    If problem still persists.

    1. Go to your manifest file.
    2. Click merged manifest at the bottom.

    Merged Manifest

    1. Check the error at the bottom right side, which dependency is causing the error.
    2. Go to that particular dependency from above mentioned dependencies.

    Dependencies

    1. Set android:exported="true" or android:exported="false" where error was mentioned in merged manifest.

    Note: Updating that dependency to the latest version will probably also fix that issue. Because in the latest versions of dependenciesexported properties are already set.

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  12. 0

    Explicitly add the conflicting service to PropertiesAndroidManifest.xml file, so that when it is merged in by your plugin it retains the android:exported="true" (or false).

    <application>
    ...
    <service android:name="1234.PNFirebaseMessagingService" android:exported="true">
      <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="com.google.firebase.MESSAGING_EVENT" />
      </intent-filter>
    </service>
</application>
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  13. 0

    In my case the problem was with a dependency that strictly uses version 1.0.0 of androidx.test.core, so i can’t upgrade it. what i did is to add android:exported="false" to androidx.test.core activity in my main manifest with tools:node="merge" so it can be merged with origin manifest

    <activity
            android:name="androidx.test.core.app.InstrumentationActivityInvoker$EmptyActivity"
      android:exported="false"
      tools:node="merge" >
</activity>
<activity
            android:name="androidx.test.core.app.InstrumentationActivityInvoker$EmptyFloatingActivity"
       android:exported="false"
       tools:node="merge">
</activity>

    and add the tools namespace.

    <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.myapp"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
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  14. 0

    for me the solution was to add this tools:node="merge" behind each android:exported="true" and add xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools&quot; property in your manifest balise.

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  15. 0

    The solution is very simple, all you have to do is make sure that all of these tags are present…

    <activity
        android:exported="true"/>

<receiver
        android:exported="true"/>

<service 
        android:exported="true"/>

    just add android:exported="true" to all dont change any thing
    and If you do not have any of the tags, you must add them all

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  16. 0

    Got the solution for this one for Nativescript project. [Tried and Tested]

    1. Search intent-filter in the build project directory (./platforms)

      enter image description here

    2. Check if each intent-filter parent (activity, service, reciever..) have property android:exported="true".

    3. If it does not have android:exported="true" then copy the whole <service/activity/reciever></service/activity/reciever> block

      enter image description here

    and put it into AndroidMenifest.xml under App_resource folder, update
    the tag with android:exported="true" and again build the project.

    Should Work Now.

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  17. 0

    if you are using flutter , upgrading flutter_local_notifications to the latest version (now is 9.3.2) may solve this error..

    Login or Signup to reply.
  18. 0

    Add these dependencies :

    `// To use the androidx.test.core APIs
androidTestImplementation("androidx.test:core:1.5.0")
// Kotlin extensions for androidx.test.core
androidTestImplementation("androidx.test:core-ktx:1.5.0")`
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