CSS - How to use transitions to move smoothly an item when another appears so it changes the layout - Html

SundaeNot
April 28, 2023
269 views
0 votes
2 Answers

Basically, I have two drop down buttons in a nav bar. Currently, when I hover the left button, the right button moves instantly to the right to let space for the drop down to appear. What I want is to let it slides smoothly to the right, not instantaneously.

I tried to apply "transition: 1s" but it requires a start and end value, and since the width property don’t change, the only thing changing is the display property (that hides the menu). How should I do it? I don’t want to use transform property… Have a nice day 🙂

        nav {
            display: flex;
            gap: 20px;
        }

        .nav_item>button {
            border: none;
        }

        .dropdown_item {
            text-decoration: none;
            color: black;
        }

        .dropdown_content {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
        }

        .hidden {
            display: none;
        }

        .nav_item:hover .hidden {
            display: block;
        }

<nav>
    <div class="nav_item">
        <button>File</button>
        <div class="hidden">
            <div class="dropdown_content">
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Save map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Load new map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Another</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="nav_item">
        <button>File</button>
        <div class="hidden">
            <div class="dropdown_content">
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Save map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Load new map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Another</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</nav>

Tags: css html

Answers

const firstNavItem = document.querySelector('.nav_item:nth-child(1)');
const secondNavItem = document.querySelector('.nav_item:nth-child(2)');

firstNavItem.addEventListener('mouseenter', () => {
  secondNavItem.classList.remove('shift');
});

firstNavItem.addEventListener('mouseleave', () => {
  secondNavItem.classList.add('shift');
});

nav {
  display: flex;
  gap: 20px;
}

.nav_item>button {
  border: none;
}

.dropdown_item {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: black;
}

.dropdown_content {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.hidden {
  visibility: hidden;
}

.nav_item:hover .hidden {
  visibility: visible;
}

/* Add a negative left margin to the second nav item when the "shift" class is applied */
.nav_item:nth-child(2).shift {
  margin-left: -120px; /* set the margin to be the width of the dropdown menu */
  transition: margin-left 1s; /* add the transition property */
}

<nav>
  <div class="nav_item">
    <button>File</button>
    <div class="hidden">
      <div class="dropdown_content">
        <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Save map</a>
        <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Load new map</a>
        <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Another</a>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="nav_item">
    <button>File</button>
    <div class="hidden">
      <div class="dropdown_content">
        <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Save map</a>
        <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Load new map</a>
        <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Another</a>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</nav>

It’s not advised to try and animate the display property, but that being said, there are some clever people out there and some hacks you can do:

        
        nav {
            display: flex;
            gap: 20px;
        }

        .nav_item>button {
            border: none;
        }

        .dropdown_item {
            text-decoration: none;
            color: black;
        }

        .dropdown_content {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            width: 100px;
        }

        .hidden {
            animation: show .2s;
            display: none;
        }

        .nav_item:hover .hidden {
            display: block;
        }

        @keyframes show {
            from { width: 0; }
            to { width: 100px; }
        }

<nav>
    <div class="nav_item">
        <button>File</button>
        <div class="hidden">
            <div class="dropdown_content">
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Save map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Load new map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Another</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="nav_item">
        <button>File</button>
        <div class="hidden">
            <div class="dropdown_content">
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Save map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Load new map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Another</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</nav>

The above was inspired by CSS Tricks post about animating display properties.

I believe this achieves the desired effect from your initial question.

That being said, I’d suggest taking a far simpler (and cleaner) route by simply adding position: absolute into the .dropdown_content class:

        
        nav {
            display: flex;
            gap: 20px;
        }

        .nav_item>button {
            border: none;
        }

        .dropdown_item {
            text-decoration: none;
            color: black;
        }

        .dropdown_content {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            position: absolute;
        }

        .hidden {
            display: none;
        }

        .nav_item:hover .hidden {
            display: block;
        }

<nav>
    <div class="nav_item">
        <button>File</button>
        <div class="hidden">
            <div class="dropdown_content">
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Save map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Load new map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Another</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="nav_item">
        <button>File</button>
        <div class="hidden">
            <div class="dropdown_content">
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Save map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Load new map</a>
                <a href="#" class="dropdown_item">Another</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</nav>

This removes all width dependancy from the equation and makes the user experience more predictable.

I hope this helps.

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CSS – How to use transitions to move smoothly an item when another appears so it changes the layout – Html

Answers