Question 188976 in Docker Question posted in
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Optimize Docker image size for Python application

How I can optimize this Dockerfile to make the resulting Docker image smaller?

FROM python:3.8-alpine

RUN pip install langchain
RUN pip install chromadb
RUN pip install nest_asyncio
RUN pip install beautifulsoup4
RUN pip install lxml
RUN pip install InstructorEmbedding sentence_transformers
RUN pip install flask

EXPOSE 5000

COPY db /app/db
COPY main.py /app

WORKDIR /app

CMD ["python", "main.py"]

I also tried to do staging but it seems like I do not understand fully the concept.

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2

Answers


  1. 0

    If your sole purpose is to make the Docker image smaller, you can install your Python dependencies in a shell script and move your main.py in that shell script. So that your Dockerfile would look like;

    FROM python:3.8-alpine

EXPOSE 5000

COPY db /app/db
COPY . /app

WORKDIR /app

CMD ["sh", "./start_services.sh"]

    And your start_services.sh would look like this;

    #! /bin/sh
pip install langchain
pip install chromadb
pip install nest_asyncio
pip install beautifulsoup4
pip install lxml
pip install InstructorEmbedding sentence_transformers
pip install flask

python main.py

    Altough this approach will use the same space once run on the device, If you’d supply pips cache folder as a volume to the container, then you have to download libraries only once.

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  2. 0

    You can use a Dockerfile like this as a starting point. Just put your dependencies in a requirements.txt file. Also, I heavily suggest against using Alpine images for Python projects. Alpine uses musl as its libc and this will result in you needing to install some build tools and compile some code if your dependencies expect glibc instead. It’s just not worth the hassle to deal with issues resulting from the use of Alpine in Py projects.

    FROM python:3.8-slim-bookworm

WORKDIR /usr/src/app

# Copy and install dependencies first to reuse cache more often
COPY requirements.txt .

RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

EXPOSE 5000

# Copy everything else now
COPY . .

CMD ["python", "main.py"]
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