Reactjs – How do I create logged-in only routes for a React app?

I’m a beginner developer trying to create a MERN stack Facebook clone where if the user is not logged in, they will be taken to a landing page with signup/login forms. If the user is logged in, they will be taken to the main app, with "/", "/messages", "/profile", and "/users/:userID" routes.

Originally I had them all within app.js, with a isLoggedIn function that returns a boolean. I tried to do the following, but now it can’t find any of my logged-in only routes except for "/". Everything works as it should on "/" and "/welcome", and the re-direction works both ways in app.js.

Thanks in advance!

Index.js

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom/client';
import './index.css';
import App from './components/app/App';
import { BrowserRouter } from 'react-router-dom';

const root = ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById('root'));
root.render(
  <BrowserRouter>
    <React.StrictMode>
        <App />
    </React.StrictMode>
  </BrowserRouter>
);

App.js

import './App.css';
import React, { useState } from 'react';
import Feed from '../feed/Feed';
import HomePage from '../../pages/HomePage';
import {
  useNavigate,
  Routes,
  Route,
  Navigate,
} from "react-router-dom";
import { isLoggedIn } from '../../utilities/LoggedInCheck';
import LandingPage from '../../pages/LandingPage';
import AuthenticatedRoutes from './AuthenticatedRoutes';


const App = () => {
  const navigate = useNavigate();

    return (
        <Routes>

          {/* ====== AUTHENTICATION ONLY - Search, Messages, Friends, Notifications : ======== */}
          <Route path='/'  element={ isLoggedIn() ?         
            <AuthenticatedRoutes navigate={navigate}/> : <Navigate to='/welcome'/>}/>

          {/* ====== NO AUTHENTICATION - Sign Up or Login: ======== */}
          <Route path='/welcome' element={ !isLoggedIn() ?
            <LandingPage navigate={navigate}/> : <Navigate to='/'/>}/>

        </Routes>
    );
}

export default App;

AuthenticatedRoutes.js— I use the same layout for each authenticated page, so skip to where it says "MAIN DIV" for the route portion.

import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
import {
  Routes,
  Route,
} from "react-router-dom";
import { useSessionTimeOutCheck } from '../../utilities/LoggedInCheck';
import { isLoggedIn } from '../../utilities/LoggedInCheck';
import LoginPopup from '../auth/LoginPopup';
import { findUser } from '../../api_calls/usersAPI';
import HomePage from '../../pages/HomePage';
import ProfilePage from '../../pages/ProfilePage';
import OwnProfilePage from '../../pages/OwnProfilePage';
import MessengerPage from '../../pages/MessengerPage';

import Profile from '../profilepage/Profile';
import OwnProfile from '../profilepage/OwnProfile';
import Navbar from '../navbar/Navbar';
import getSessionUserID from '../../utilities/GetSessionUserID';
import Feed from '../feed/Feed';


const AuthenticatedRoutes = ({navigate}) => {
  const [token, setToken] = useState(window.localStorage.getItem('token'));
  const sessionUserID = getSessionUserID(token);
  const [sessionUser, setSessionUser] = useState(null);

  // ===== LOGIN POPUP & TIMEOUT CHECKER: COPY TO EVERY AUTHENTICATED PAGE: ==========   
  const showLoginPopup = !useSessionTimeOutCheck(); // checks every 5 seconds if token is valid and changes true/false

  // on component mount: get sessionUserInfo 
  // TODO test:copy to every page, so that it reloads on every new page visit?
  useEffect(() => {
    if (token && sessionUserID) {
      findUser(token, sessionUserID)
      .then(userData => {
        window.localStorage.setItem("token", userData.token)
        setToken(window.localStorage.getItem("token"))
        setSessionUser(userData.user);
        console.log(userData.user);
          })
        }
    },[])
  
  // =========== JSX FOR COMPONENT =================================== 
  return (
    <div className='h-screen w-screen bg-#bgGrey dark:bg-gray-900 flex flex-col'>

      {/* LOGGED OUT POPUP */}
      {showLoginPopup && 
        <div className='z-40 absolute h-full w-full'>
          <LoginPopup navigate={navigate} />
        </div>
        }

      {/* NAV BAR */}
      <div className='z-30'>
        <Navbar navigate={navigate} token={token} setToken={setToken} 
          sessionUserID={sessionUserID} sessionUser={sessionUser} setSessionUser={sessionUser}/>
      </div>

    {/* MAIN PAGE */}
    <div className='w-screen h-screen flex flex-row '>
    
      {/* MAIN DIV */}
      <div className='w-full h-full'>
        <Routes>
          {/* ------ FEED ------  */}
          <Route path='/'  element={
            <Feed navigate={navigate} token={token} setToken={setToken} 
          sessionUserID={sessionUserID} sessionUser={sessionUser} setSessionUser={sessionUser}/>} />
          
          {/* ------  PROFILE PAGE ------  */}
          <Route path="/users/:userID/"  element={ 
            <Profile navigate={navigate} token={token} setToken={setToken} 
          sessionUserID={sessionUserID} sessionUser={sessionUser} setSessionUser={sessionUser}/>}/>
          {/* ------  SESSION USER'S PROFILE PAGE ------  */}
          <Route path='/profile'  element={ 
            <OwnProfile navigate={navigate} token={token} setToken={setToken} 
          sessionUserID={sessionUserID} sessionUser={sessionUser} setSessionUser={sessionUser}/>}/>

          {/* ------  MESSAGES ------  */}
          {/* <Route path='/messages'  element={ 
            <MessengerPage navigate={navigate} token={token} setToken={setToken} 
            sessionUserID={sessionUserID} sessionUser={sessionUser} setSessionUser={sessionUser}/>}/> */}
        </Routes>
      </div>

      {/* MESSENGER DIV - Online friends */}
      <div className='flex flex-row items-center justify-between h-full sm:w-[28rem]  md:w-[30.5rem] lg:w-[34.5rem] px-4
      border-l-2'>
        MESSENGER
      </div>

      </div>
    </div>

  );
}

export default AuthenticatedRoutes;