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get TypeError when post an array of files in Python using requests – Telegram API

When I try to post an array of files in Python using requests, I get “TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not ‘dict'”.

In order to send an album in Telegram from local, we need to provide an array of files, which contains file type. So I try:

import requests

bot_token = '<BOT_TOKEN>'
send_to = 1234567890
data = {'chat_id': send_to}

album = [
    {'type': 'photo', 'media': 'test/foo.png'},
    {'type': 'photo', 'media': 'test/bar.png'},
]
for i in range(len(album)):
    album[i]['media'] = open(album[i]['media'], 'rb')
files = {'media': album}

test = requests.post(
    f'https://api.telegram.org/{bot_token}/sendMediaGroup',
    data=data, files=files)

When I run this I get:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:/Games/GitHub/tgapi/test_album.py", line 87, in <module>
    data=data, files=files)
  File "C:ProgramDataAnacondalibsite-packagesrequestsapi.py", line 116, in post
    return request('post', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
  File "C:ProgramDataAnacondalibsite-packagesrequestsapi.py", line 60, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "C:ProgramDataAnacondalibsite-packagesrequestssessions.py", line 519, in request
    prep = self.prepare_request(req)
  File "C:ProgramDataAnacondalibsite-packagesrequestssessions.py", line 462, in prepare_request
    hooks=merge_hooks(request.hooks, self.hooks),
  File "C:ProgramDataAnacondalibsite-packagesrequestsmodels.py", line 316, in prepare
    self.prepare_body(data, files, json)
  File "C:ProgramDataAnacondalibsite-packagesrequestsmodels.py", line 504, in prepare_body
    (body, content_type) = self._encode_files(files, data)
  File "C:ProgramDataAnacondalibsite-packagesrequestsmodels.py", line 169, in _encode_files
    body, content_type = encode_multipart_formdata(new_fields)
  File "C:ProgramDataAnacondalibsite-packagesurllib3filepost.py", line 90, in encode_multipart_formdata
    body.write(data)
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'dict'

P.S.:

  • Adding headers={'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data'} into requests.post does not help.
  • The code to send a single file is:
files = {'photo': open('test/foo.png', 'rb')}

test = requests.post(
    f'https://api.telegram.org/{bot_token}/sendPhoto',
    data=data, files=files)
Tags:

2

Answers


  1. Chosen as BEST ANSWER
    0

    By referring to a popular package pyTelegramBotAPI, I've figured out:

    import requests
import json

bot_token = '<BOT_TOKEN>'
send_to = 1234567890
data = {'chat_id': send_to}

album = [
    {'type': 'photo', 'media': 'foo.png'},
    {'type': 'photo', 'media': 'bar.png'},
]
files = {}
for i in range(len(album)):
    files[album[i]['media']] = open(album[i]['media'], 'rb')
data['media'] = json.dumps(album)

    At this moment, 

    data = {'chat_id': '345060487',
        'media': '[{"type": "photo", "media": "attach://foo.png"}, {"type": "photo", "media": "attach://bar.png"}]'
}
files = {
    'foo.png': open('test/foo.png', 'rb'),
    'bar.png': open('test/bar.png', 'rb'),
}

    And finally this code will work:

    test = requests.post(
    f'https://api.telegram.org/{bot_token}/sendMediaGroup',
    data=data, files=files)

    Note that, just like what is done in pyTelegramBotAPI, it's much better to generate a random filename by:

    import random
import string

def generate_random_filename(length=16):
    return ''.join(random.sample(string.ascii_letters, length))

  2. 0

    You’re not sending in an array, your files variable is a dictionary, which is exactly what the error is telling you.

    Instead of adding the album from your loop to a dict key of media, just add it to an array and pass that in to your request

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