Ubuntu – Docker build fails because unable to install `libc-bin`

Using kamal to deploy a rails app, but having trouble with docker and getting all installed. I in the past had it setup to use esbuild and yarn, but switched to bun later. Now, I need to install node for a tool on the ruby side, so trying to go back to esbuild/yarn/node for the setup.

But the Dockerfile below always fails with:

#16 CANCELED
------
 > [linux/arm64 stage-2 1/4] RUN apt-get update -qq &&     apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y curl libvips postgresql-client &&     rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists /var/cache/apt/archives:
63.28 Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-13+deb11u5) ...
63.33 qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped
63.33 Segmentation fault
63.34 qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped
63.34 Segmentation fault
63.34 dpkg: error processing package libc-bin (--configure):
63.34  installed libc-bin package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 139
63.44 Errors were encountered while processing:
63.44  libc-bin
63.54 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
------
Dockerfile:64
--------------------
  63 |     # Install packages needed for deployment
  64 | >>> RUN apt-get update -qq && 
  65 | >>>     apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y curl libvips postgresql-client && 
  66 | >>>     rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists /var/cache/apt/archives
  67 |
--------------------
ERROR: failed to solve: process "/bin/sh -c apt-get update -qq &&     apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y curl libvips postgresql-client &&     rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists /var/cache/apt/archives" did not complete successfully: exit code: 100

How can I get this working again? The basic requirement is to get the base Ruby 3.2.1 image up and running with Node, but I can’t seem to get there. I’ve tried installing libc-bin directly, but it made no difference.

Dockerfile:

# syntax = docker/dockerfile:1

# Make sure RUBY_VERSION matches the Ruby version in .ruby-version and Gemfile
ARG RUBY_VERSION=3.2.1
FROM registry.docker.com/library/ruby:$RUBY_VERSION as base

# Rails app lives here
WORKDIR /rails

# Set production environment
ENV RAILS_ENV="production" 
    BUNDLE_DEPLOYMENT="1" 
    BUNDLE_PATH="/usr/local/bundle" 
    BUNDLE_WITHOUT="development"


# Throw-away build stage to reduce size of final image
FROM base as build

# Install packages needed to build gems and node modules
RUN apt-get update -qq && 
    # apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y build-essential curl git node-gyp pkg-config python-is-python3 libpq-dev libvips unzip
    apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y build-essential curl git node-gyp pkg-config python-is-python3 libpq-dev unzip

# RUN apt-get update -qq && 
#     apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y build-essential curl git node-gyp pkg-config python-is-python3


# Install JavaScript dependencies
ARG NODE_VERSION=21.5.0
ARG YARN_VERSION=1.22.19
ENV PATH=/usr/local/node/bin:$PATH
RUN curl -sL https://github.com/nodenv/node-build/archive/master.tar.gz | tar xz -C /tmp/ && 
    /tmp/node-build-master/bin/node-build "${NODE_VERSION}" /usr/local/node && 
    npm install -g yarn@$YARN_VERSION && 
    rm -rf /tmp/node-build-master

# Install application gems
COPY Gemfile Gemfile.lock ./
RUN bundle install && 
    rm -rf ~/.bundle/ "${BUNDLE_PATH}"/ruby/*/cache "${BUNDLE_PATH}"/ruby/*/bundler/gems/*/.git && 
    bundle exec bootsnap precompile --gemfile

# Install node modules
COPY package.json yarn.lock ./
RUN yarn install --frozen-lockfile

# Copy application code
COPY . .

# Precompile bootsnap code for faster boot times
RUN bundle exec bootsnap precompile app/ lib/

# Precompiling assets for production without requiring secret RAILS_MASTER_KEY
RUN SECRET_KEY_BASE_DUMMY=1 ./bin/rails assets:precompile


# Final stage for app image
FROM base

# Install packages needed for deployment
RUN apt-get update -qq && 
    apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y curl libvips postgresql-client && 
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists /var/cache/apt/archives

# Copy built artifacts: gems, application
COPY --from=build /usr/local/bundle /usr/local/bundle
COPY --from=build /rails /rails

# Run and own only the runtime files as a non-root user for security
RUN useradd rails --create-home --shell /bin/bash && 
    chown -R rails:rails db log storage tmp
USER rails:rails

# Entrypoint prepares the database.
ENTRYPOINT ["/rails/bin/docker-entrypoint"]

# Start the server by default, this can be overwritten at runtime
EXPOSE 3000
CMD ["./bin/rails", "server"]

Update #1

Output of free -h on the Ubuntu host this is running on:

               total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           949Mi       498Mi        65Mi       1.0Mi       384Mi       289Mi
Swap:             0B          0B          0B

I’ve also watched htop memory usage. It always hovers around 475M/959M of usage during the build.

I have not yet added swap space, but will experiment with that and report back here.

This is an AWS t2.micro instance with 1G of memory, so that may well not be enough, though it’s run fine up to this point. Will experiment with upgrading that and seeing if it resolves the issue. Upgrading to 4g of memory did not help. The error(s) remain the same.